Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognized as crucial drivers of economic growth, employment generation, and innovation, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. However, their growth is often ...

ABSTRACT During the last few decades, unwanted risk combined with better of poor risk management which had more impact on collaborative performance than higher strategy or outstanding implementation. Taking risk is a part ...

This paper investigates the impact of autocratic leadership and perceived organizational support on employee turnover and workforce retention, with affective commitment serving as a mediating variable. The focus of this ...

This study examines the influence of green knowledge on pro-environmental behavior (PEB) amongst employees in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Punjab, Pakistan. Drawing on the Social Exchange Theory (SET), the ...

This study examines the impact of work stress on employees’ emotional exhaustion, emphasizing the mediating role of negative affective state. Using a quantitative methodology, data were collected from 190 service-sector ...