Mindfulness, self-efficacy, curiosity and exploration: a Comparison between undergraduate and post graduate students

Abstract

The research study conducted was aimed at finding out the comparison between undergraduate and postgraduate students among the variables; Mindfulness, Self-Efficacy and Curiosity and exploration. It was for this purpose that the following scales were used to collect data; The Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Erickson, Soukup, Noonan & McGurn, 2016), Curiosity and Exploration Inventory (Kashdan, Gallagher & Silva, 2009), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown, 2003). Data was collected from different universities in Islamabad. The total sample consisted of 300 University students which were divided into undergraduate students (n=150) and postgraduate students (n=150). The psychometric properties of the scales used in the research study showed good reliability for the study population. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between the three study variables; Mindfulness, Self-efficacy and Curiosity and exploration. The results also showed a significant difference between undergraduate and postgraduate students on curiosity and exploration variable, while the other two variables showed no significant difference. Lastly, the results also showed that there is no significant mean difference between male and female students on the three study variables of Mindfulness, Self-efficacy and Curiosity and Exploration.