Abstract:
The study area Kahi village in the north-west of Kala Chitta Ranges which is
deformed, along which the Attock Cherat and Margala Hill Ranges also touch the
boundaries .The study area is in the Upper Indus Basin.Kala Chitta is the part of thrust
belt and active Himalayan Foreland fold .Southward is in series of top to south thrust
imbricates along Main boundary Thrustformulate the regional fault system of North
Pakistan.The direction of major tectonic transport seems to be north to south and the area
has undergone two consecutive phases of deformations. In the first phase mainly forethrusts
were formed while in the second phase folds and back-thrusts were produced. As
a whole, the study area presents the structures of a typical foreland fold. According to
present study there is seven Formations in the study area with age from Jurassic to
Paleocene .According to Stratigraphic study from bottom to top comprised of Jurassic
Rocks of undifferentiated Datta, Shinawari and Samana Suk Formation succeeded by
Cretaceous Lumshiwal and Kawagarh Formation while the Paleocene is Lockhart
Limestone ant Patala Formation mainly composed of Limestone, Shale, Sand stone and
marls. Study area is very highly deformed due to Compressional Stresses which is related
to Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) System in the north of the study area.Compressional
stresses produced large and small scale Folds .The Faults of study area is dipping towards
North and South and Trend is East-West. The folds have Symmetrical and Asymmetrical,
Anticline and Synclines both limbs are mostly truncated by fore-thrusts and back-thrusts.
The area is highly fractured and the fracture pattern of the area is indicative of Himalayan
deformation .The structural Geometry of that area is very complex.
