Comparative Analysis of different Characteristic Parameters and its Association with ionospheric Propagation

Abstract

Ionosphere is an ionized region of the upper atmosphere produced by solar radiation and high energy particles from the Sun. The ionosphere is divided into different layers e.g. D, E, F1 based on the electron density in that region, which is strongly dependent on the condition of the geomagnetic field. In other words, geomagnetic storms are formed when the flow of solar charged particles from the Sun reaches the Earth. This results in the decrease of electron density in the F region and hence effecting radio communication severely e.g. the maximum usable frequency is reduced. Characteristics like frequency, maximum usable frequency, electron density and signal strength of radio wave propagation through the atmosphere especially ionosphere were analyzed using Proplab simulations. This research covers the comparative analysis of those characteristics when an electromagnetic ray or combination of different rays is propagating from the transmitter to the receiver in various conditions, time and frequency.