Heavy Metal - Arsenic

Abstract

Arsenic is detected virtually in all environmental matrices.Two forms of arsenic, reduced and oxidized can be absorbed and accumulates in tissues and body fluids causing impairment of cell respiration and subsequently diminishes ATP formation. Several million people are exposed to arsenic chronically throughout the world. Diet, for most individuals, is the largest source of exposure. It is also called as “king of poisons”. Immediate symptoms of acute arsenic poisoning include vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea being followed by numbness, tingling of extremities, muscle cramping and death. Long-term exposure to high arsenic level usually affects skin. Blood, urine, hair, and fingernails are used for diagnosis of toxicity.This is treated by chelating agents and removal of arsenic from body. Awareness should be created among the communities. Governmental measures for provision of clean water, uncontaminated food and reduction of hazards at occupational level could play a vital role for preventing morbidity and mortality.