Viscous Dissipation Effects in Water Driven Carbon Nanotubes along a Stream Wise and Cross Flow Direction

Abstract

Important physical models involving boundary layer occur in almost all internal and external aerodynamic formations. For many of these, the flow outside the boundary layer region may be determined into a large principal component and a small crosswise velocity. In this article, three-dimensional boundary-layer flow over a curved surface is treated for nanofluid under such a simplification. Based on strong thermal conductivity we have considered two same kinds but different shaped nanoparticle namely: Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) and Multiple Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) which are incorporated within the base fluid water. Mathematical model is constructed under the constraint of defined geometry and then transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved numerically with the help of Runge Kutta (R-K) method with shooting technique. Influences of each physical parameter on velocity and temperature distribution are described through graphs. To analyze the drag and heat transfer at the surface we have plotted the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. Flow behavior along the stream wise and cross direction is visualized through stream lines. It is found that viscous dissipation has same increasing effects along both x- and z-directions for temperature profile however, SWCNTs have comparatively higher skin friction and heat transfer rate at the surface as compare to the MWNTs.