2D Seismic Data Interpretation of Peshawar Basin, Pakistan (T-1353) (MFN 2234)

Abstract

1.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................01 lA-GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION...........................................................03 1.S-GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES ............................................................03 1.2-RECORDING PARAMETERS ..............................................................01 1.3-PROCESSING SEQUENCE ................................................................02 1.6-GEOLOGY & TECTONICS OF AREA .............................................04 1.7-STHATIGRAPHY OF THE AREA ........................................................06 l.1-INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 11 2.2-COMPARISON OF REFRACTION AND REFLEACITON METHODS ........... 13 2.3-SEISMIC WAVES ............................................................................ 13 2.4-LA WS GOVERNING THE SEISMIC WAVES .......................................... 15 2.5-SElSMIC VELOCITIES ..................................................................... 16 2.6-FACTORS EFFECTI1',G THE SEIS:vIIC VELOCITIES ............................... 16 2.7-FAUST PRINCIPLE .......................................................................... 17 l.8-TYPE OF SEISMIC VELOCITIES ......................................................... 18 2.9-DIX EQUATIONS ............................................................................. 19 l.lO-IMPORTANCE OF SEISMIC METHODS ............................................... 19 l.ll-BASIC THEORY OF ELASTICITY ....................................................... 20 3.l-INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 24 3.2-INPUT DEVICES .............................................................................. 24 3.3-MARINE ENERGY SOURCES ............................................................. 25 3.4-DESIGN OF DETECTORS ARRAY ....................................................... 25 3.5-FIELD LAyOUTS ............................................................................ 25 3 . 6-SPREi\J) TYPES ............................................................................. . 3.7-CO:.JVENTIONAL ACQUISITION V CDP'S ACQUISITION ........................ 27 4.1-INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 28 -> il.2-SE1Si'vllC DATA PROCESSING (TERMmOLOGY AND PROCEDURE) ...................... 28 4.3-DETERNIINATION OF PROCESSIl~G PARAMETER ................................. 29 4A-DIGITAL FILTERING ........................................................................ 33 4.5 FREQUENCY FILTER ........................................................................ 33 4.6 CDP STACKING ..........................:................................................... 34 4.7 NMO CORRECTIONS ........................................................................ 35 4.8 MIGRATION .................................................................................... 35 4.9-TIME -VARIANT FILTER ................................................................... 35 5-INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 36 5.1-DISCUSSION ON THE SEISMIC LINE ................................................... 36 5.2-ROLE OF VELOCITY IN SEISMIC INTERPRETATION ............................. 37 5.3-STRUCTURAL ANALySIS ................................................................. 37 5A-ANAL YSIS OF THE TIME SECTION ..................................................... 37 5.5-DEPTH CALCULATIONS ................................................................... 40 5.6 CONTOUR AND 3D SURFACE MAPS ................................................... 42 RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................... 49 C()NCLUSIONS .................................................................................... 49 REFI2RE1~CES ...................................................................................... 50