Study of surface and ground water interactions and aquifer sustainability in the Chashma area, district Mianwali, Pakistan (T-1495) (MFN 4013)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the recharge mechanism of area of interest; Chashma area, District Mianwali, Pakistan, and build a basic groundwater flow model to be used in the future for water management and aquifer sustainability studies. The study area lies in the upper part of the Thal Doab, between River Indus and Jehlum and comprises of an unconfined aquifer. The groundwater in the project area is recharged by Chashma Lake and the Canals by up to 100 – 67.1%. Isotope analysis of 18O, 2H and 3H coupled with pumping test technique are used together to provide the intrinsic and detailed information of the identification of the origin of groundwater, relative contribution of the various groundwater recharge systems, groundwater quality, the depth of water table, groundwater salinization and other aquifer properties. The integrated study of the isotopes, chemistry, hydraulics and aquifer modeling led to the conclusion that the groundwater system in the Chashma area is relatively sustainable. The hypothetical radioactive particles injected during the flow modeling suggest that it will take 12 years and 8 months for the Indus water to be contaminated.