The Culture and Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogens Detected at Benazir Bhutto Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To find out the frequency and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of various pathogens causing urinary tract infections in patients referred for urine culture and sensitivity. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 2374 samples of urine were collected at Benazir Bhutto hospital from March 2008 to February 2009. Test samples were cultured immediately. Individual isolates were identified by standard methods. Sensitivity patterns were done for bacterial isolates by disc diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method on the Muller –Hinton agar plates. Results: Out of 2374 samples collected, 1052 (44.3%) were males and 1322(55.6%) were females. Total urine positive samples were 524(22.0%). The pathogens included E.coli (86.4%), Staph. saprophyticus (4%), Klebsiella species (3.6%), Pseudomonas species (3.04%), Proteus species (0.95%) Enterococci (0.76%), Acinetobacter species (0.57%), Morganella (0.38%) and Providencia (0.19%). The highest sensitivity against both Enterecobacteria and gram negatives (91.4%) and (91.2%) for gram positive organisms was produced by Third Generation Cephalosporins (Cefoperazone+salbactum, Ceftazidime, Ceftizoxime, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime) used. Imipenem achieved second highest sensitivity levels (88.5%) for Gram negative and (88%) for gram positive organisms followed by Floroquinolones (Second Generation: Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Enoxacin, Levofloxacin) which showed (87.61%) for Gram negative and ( 85%) for gram positive organisms. Vancomycin showed (100 %) sensitivity for Enterococci and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Suphametoxazole-Trimethoprim once considered the drug of choice is becoming resistant with sensitivity value for the Enterecobacteria and other gram negatives of only (34.11%). Erythromycin and Doxycycline showed least sensitivity with values ranging below (30%). Conclusion: Third Generation Cephalosporins, Imipenem and Floroquinolones show high sensitivity against the uropathogens studied. Sulphamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Cotrimoxazole) has shown resistant patterns with only 34.11% sensitivity. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections, Urine Culture, Antimicrobials.