Abstract:
Objective: To find out the frequency and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of various
pathogens causing urinary tract infections in patients referred for urine culture and
sensitivity.
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 2374 samples of urine
were collected at Benazir Bhutto hospital from March 2008 to February 2009. Test samples
were cultured immediately. Individual isolates were identified by standard methods.
Sensitivity patterns were done for bacterial isolates by disc diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method
on the Muller –Hinton agar plates.
Results: Out of 2374 samples collected, 1052 (44.3%) were males and 1322(55.6%) were
females. Total urine positive samples were 524(22.0%). The pathogens included E.coli
(86.4%), Staph. saprophyticus (4%), Klebsiella species (3.6%), Pseudomonas species
(3.04%), Proteus species (0.95%) Enterococci (0.76%), Acinetobacter species (0.57%),
Morganella (0.38%) and Providencia (0.19%). The highest sensitivity against both
Enterecobacteria and gram negatives (91.4%) and (91.2%) for gram positive organisms was
produced by Third Generation Cephalosporins (Cefoperazone+salbactum, Ceftazidime,
Ceftizoxime, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime) used. Imipenem achieved second highest sensitivity
levels (88.5%) for Gram negative and (88%) for gram positive organisms followed by
Floroquinolones (Second Generation: Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Enoxacin, Levofloxacin)
which showed (87.61%) for Gram negative and ( 85%) for gram positive organisms.
Vancomycin showed (100 %) sensitivity for Enterococci and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
Suphametoxazole-Trimethoprim once considered the drug of choice is becoming resistant
with sensitivity value for the Enterecobacteria and other gram negatives of only (34.11%).
Erythromycin and Doxycycline showed least sensitivity with values ranging below (30%).
Conclusion: Third Generation Cephalosporins, Imipenem and Floroquinolones show high
sensitivity against the uropathogens studied. Sulphamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Cotrimoxazole) has shown resistant patterns with only 34.11% sensitivity.
Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections, Urine Culture, Antimicrobials.
