Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of unmatched scale and severity. A continued state of crisis has been met with poor public
adherence to preventive measures and difficulty implementing public health policy. This study aims to identify and evaluate
the factors underlying such a response. Thus, it assesses the knowledge, perceived risk, and trust in the sources of information
in relation to the novel coronavirus disease at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was completed
between March 20 and 27, 2020. Knowledge, perceptions, and perceived risk (Likert scale) were assessed for 737 literate
participants of a representative sample in an urban setting. We found that respondents’ risk perception for novel coronavirus
disease was high. The perceived risk score for both cognitive and affective domains was raised at 2.24 ± 1.3 (eight items) and
3.01 ± 1 (seven items) respectively. Misconceptions and gaps in knowledge regarding COVID-19 were noted. Religious leadership
was the least trusted (10%) while health authorities were the most trusted (35%) sources of information. Our findings suggest
that there was a deficiency in knowledge and high concern about the pandemic, leading to a higher risk perception, especially in
the affective domain. Thus, we recommend comprehensive education programs, planned intensive risk communication, and a
concerted effort by all stakeholders to mitigate the spread of disease. The first of its kind in the region, this study will be critical
to response efforts against current and future outbreaks.
