Custom Smart BMS (Battery Management System)

Abstract

This project is about making a smart and customized Battery Management System (BMS) that helps improve battery safety, performance, and life. It includes features like real-time monitoring, active cell balancing, and wireless communication through a mobile app. The system is designed to work well in electric vehicles and energy storage setups. Overall, it provides a modern and efficient solution to manage batteries in a safe and reliable way. The need of electric vehicle began the revolution from traditional gasoline-powered vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). However this thesis delves into the design, development, and implementation of a Custom Smart Battery Management System (BMS), tailored to optimize the performance, safety, and longevity of rechargeable battery packs. The proposed BMS integrates advanced monitoring and control mechanisms, focusing on critical parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and State of Charge (SOC) for each individual cell within the battery pack. This granular monitoring ensures that each cell operates within its optimal range, thereby enhancing overall system efficiency and extending battery life. A standout feature of the system is its active balancing capability. Unlike traditional passive balancing methods, active balancing redistributes excess energy from higher-charged cells to those with lower charge levels, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing heat generation. This approach not only enhances the performance of the battery pack but also contributes to its longevity by minimizing thermal stress on the cells. Fault detection mechanisms are embedded within the system to identify and respond to potential issues such as overcharging, deep discharging, and overheating.