Abstract:
This research work examines the legal aspects and risks associated with the transportation of oil and gas by sea, focusing on the MT Tasman Spirit incident as a case study. During the transportation via sea, there are set of laws which need to be followed. In relevance to the same, certain laws were violated when the said incident took place, which have been discussed in detailed. It explores the responsibilities and liabilities of various stakeholders, including ship-owners, charterers, insurers, and port authorities, within the context of the Tasman Spirit case and broader legal implications. The study extends to the environmental, economic, and social ripple effects of the incident, offering a comprehensive analysis of its aftermath on local economies, marine life, and affected communities, along with the rules and regulation which strictly need to be followed while transportation of gas oil via sea. The research critically assesses the effectiveness of existing regulatory measures and response mechanisms, highlighting gaps and proposing enhancements to prevent future incidents. So, the thesis synthesizes key findings and provides a set of recommendations aimed at strengthening legal and regulatory frameworks, enhancing corporate accountability, improving response strategies, and fostering international cooperation. The recommendations are designed to mitigate risks, promote environmental stewardship, and ensure the sustainable and safe transportation of oil and gas by sea, contributing to global maritime safety and environmental protection
