Abstract:
Abstract
The effectiveness of Problem Management Plus (PM+) for psychological distress
among married female private school teachers in rural Southern Punjab is investigated in this
paper. N=8 English medium private school teachers with an average age of 28 were sought by
means of purposive sampling for a single case study. Using the Psychological Outcomes Profile
Questionnaire (PSYCHLOPS), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule
2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12), participants were screened
to evaluate psychological distress level at pre-, post-, and follow-up where their results revealed
notable time-based effects. From pre-to post-intervention (p = 0.007), PSYCHLOPS ratings
dropped significantly; yet, the improvement was not maintained at follow-up. From pre-to post intervention, GHQ and WHODAS scores showed notable, persistent increases with a p < 0.001.
The difference between post-intervention and follow-up was not statistically significant
(WHODAS; MD = 0.750, SE = 0.453, p = 0.142 and GHQ; MD = 0.375, SE = 0.565, p =
0.528), indicating that while there was an initial improvement, further improvements were not
significant. Effect sizes ranged from moderate (η² = 0.36) to high (η² = 0.83), therefore
reflecting the notable psychological discomfort reduction of the intervention. Although the
Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention showed success, its benefits were somewhat
limited.
