Abstract:
The presence of microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals in cosmetics, particularly eyeshadows, poses significant environmental and health concerns. This study investigates the prevalence and types of MPs and heavy metals in local and branded eyeshadows available in Islamabad, Pakistan, and evaluates public awareness through structured surveys of dermatologists and university students. Twelve eyeshadow samples were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICPOES) to detect MPs and quantify heavy metal concentrations. The study objective of this study were to determine the determine presence of Microplastics and heavy metals in everyday use eyeshadow products and to analyze the awareness and perception of Microplastics in cosmetics through surveys from dermatologists and consumers from education institutions. The findings reveal distinct differences in the chemical compositions of local and branded products, with local samples exhibiting higher concentrations of MPs and heavy metals such as aluminum, lead, and cadmium. Common MPs identified include polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. Survey results indicate limited consumer and dermatologist awareness of the potential hazards associated with MPs in cosmetics. The study highlights the urgent need for stricter quality control measures, consumer education, and sustainable alternatives in cosmetic formulations. These findings contribute to understanding the broader implications of cosmetic use for public health and environmental sustainability.
