Analysis of incidence of multinodular goiter and follicular carcinoma of thyroid in Pakistan

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical thyroid cancer is uncommon, with an estimated incidence in various parts of the world of 0.5 to 10 cases per 100,000 persons. It accounts roughly for about 0.5% of all cancers in men and 1.5% of all cancers in women. Aims and objectives: The main objective of the study is to analyze the incidence of multinodular goiter and follicular carcinoma of thyroid in Pakistan.Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Yusra General Hospital during 2018. This study was done with the permission of ethical committee of hospital. The data was collected from 50 patients of both genders. Demographic information of patients, clinical features and tissue biopsy results were extracted. All the selected patients underwent ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology in cases with a suspicions nodule rapidly growing hard, irregular nodule which was detected on clinical examination and on ultrasound.Results: The data were collected from 50 patients of both genders. The female predominated the male in the ratio of 7.5:2.5. The most common presenting symptom was swelling in front of neck, which moved with swallowing. In 85(85%) patients the swelling which was of thyroid origin was benign, while in 15 (15%) patient it was malignant. Out of all malignant tumors the papillary carcinoma was on the top with a percentage of 10%.Conclusion: It is concluded that the risk of malignancy in multinodular goitre is not as low as it was thought before and that it is quite significant and is mostly of the papillary type.