Carbon Storage Potential and Seal Integrity Assessment in the Clastic Reservoir: A Case Study from Middle Indus Basin, Pakistan

Abstract

Important worldwide challenges like energy transition, climate change, and environmental protection are included in the research. Through the application of state-of-the-art geophysical techniques and an assessment of the Kadawari Gas Field's potential for carbon storage, this study provides useful insights and solutions that can influence industry practices and policy decisions, ultimately fostering a more sustainable and conscientious approach to energy and resource management. The main goals are fault seal analysis, seismic inversion, petrophysical analysis, and seismic interpretation. Hydrocarbons have been produced by E Sand, suggesting the existence of a whole petroleum system. Thus, there's a structural chance that CO2 might likewise be stored in the E Sand. The E Sands reservoirs are assessed for their appropriateness, practicality, and safety for carbon capture and storage projects using well-log data from Wells Kadanwari-03, Kadanwari-10, and Kadawari-11. Geological structures below the surface were characterized using seismic data analysis. For safe carbon dioxide (CO₂) containment, the implemented reservoir assessment storage capacity estimation, and the spatial distribution of impedance and porosity. According to petrophysical studies, the E Sand interval has a 30-meter reservoir zone on average with a depth range of 3323 to 3351 meters that is suitable for the safe storage of CO₂. This zone has favorable porosity values, with effective porosity of 12 to 15%. Seismic inversions reveal the favorable zones with good porosity and identify the locations with minimal clay volume. Fault Seal Analysis confirmed that the fault F1 has good sealing potential thus there will be no risk for CO₂ leak.