Assessment and Treatment of Produced Water Using Orange and Banana Peels, Sadqal Oil and Gas Field, Fateh Jang, Pakistan

Abstract

This research study was conducted on the produced water of Sadqal Oil and Gas Field. Fateh Jung, Pakistan for its assessment and treatment. Different parameters for analysis were selected including pH and TDS which was checked using Multi-Parameter PCSTestr™ 35 meter by EUTECH instrument CAKTON both before and after treatment and the result for pH showed sample being acidic after treatment due to the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and other functional groups. Produced water samples were analyzed before and after treatment through Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Results for heavy metal before treatment was under permissible limits but still treated through filter to check efficiency of filter. The result indicated a decreased concentration in Cd from 0.1mg/1 to 0.002mg/l, whereby EPA permissible limit was 0.1mg/l but this decreased concentration vary for 6 different samples, similarly concentration for Cu decreased from 0.32mg/1 to 0.240mg/l and its permissible limit was 1.0mg/l, Pb from 0.0242mg/1 to 0.0010mg/1 with permissible limit 0.5mg/1, Fe from 2.271mg/1 to 0.670mg/l with limit by EPA being 8.0mg/1. Similarly, oil and grease permissible limits provided by Pak-EPA is 10mg/1, whereby before treatment concentration was 160mg/1 and after treatment the concentration was decreased to 60 to 70% through the peels, to about 52mg/l by treatment through banana peels and 64.2mg/l by orange peels. Along with organic and inorganic content other elements like Cl. Na, Mg. Ca and total hardness was also determined and treated through peel filters and the results were positive which means decreased concentration after treatment Cl from 1347100mg/1 to 620375mg/l, Na from 2220720mg/1 to 1022700mg/1, total hardness from 19333.3mg/l to 5666.6mg/l, Ca from 4666.6mg/1 to 2666.6mg/l, Mg from 14666.6mg/l to 2500mg/1. Thus, indicating that produced water can be treated with low-cost banana and orange peel filters.