Clinical Manifestations of Adenomyosis Confirmed via Histopathological Examination of Hysterectomy Specimens

Abstract

Background: Adenomyosis is a benign uterine condition characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue within the myometrium, leading to symptoms such as menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pelvic pain. Accurate diagnosis often requires histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens due to the limitations of imaging techniques. Objective: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of adenomyosis and their correlation with histopathological findings in hysterectomy specimens. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Department of Pathology, Mekran Medical College, Turbat Pakistan. Duration: From 17 May 2021 to 17 December 2021. Methods: Patients were reviewed for demographic data, presenting symptoms, and histopathological findings. A total of 130 hysterectomy specimens were examined, with adenomyosis confirmed in 102 cases (78.5%). Symptoms such as menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pelvic pain were analyzed in relation to the histopathological severity of adenomyosis. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the correlation between clinical symptoms and histopathological findings. Results: Menorrhagia (89.2%) and dysmenorrhea (83.3%) were the most common symptoms among patients with confirmed adenomyosis. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse adenomyosis in 60.8% of cases and focal adenomyosis in 39.2%. The severity of adenomyosis was significantly correlated with the intensity of symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study highlights the critical role of histopathological examination in diagnosing adenomyosis and its correlation with clinical manifestations. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management and improving patient outcomes.