Maritime Security Issues in North Arabian Sea (NAS) & It’s Impact on China Pakistan Economic Cooridor (Cpec)

Abstract

This thesis examines the critical maritime security issues in the North Arabian Sea (NAS) and their implications for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). As a vital trade route, the NAS plays a significant role in regional connectivity and economic development, especially in the context of CPEC, which aims to enhance trade relations and economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. By assessing the ground realities of maritime security in NAS, the study evaluates the roles of the Pakistan Navy and the Pakistan Maritime Security Agency (PMSA) in ensuring the security of this vital maritime domain. It further explores the strategic interests of major powers in the NAS including the implications of the USA, European Union (EU) and India's strategies for Pakistan's maritime security posture. The research explores various maritime security threats, including piracy, territorial disputes, and geopolitical tensions involving regional and extra-regional powers. Through a comprehensive analysis of these challenges, the study highlights how maritime security dynamics in the NAS are critical not only for the safe passage of trade but also for regional stability and economic prosperity of Pakistan. The thesis addresses the challenges posed by military bases in the Indian Ocean and evaluates the potential of Gwadar Port as a transshipment hub within the broader framework of CPEC. Utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, this thesis assesses the strategies employed by Pakistan and China to ensure maritime security and protect CPEC against potential threats. It further discusses the broader implications of these security issues on regional cooperation, policy-making, and the economic landscape of South Asia. The findings indicate that effective maritime security governance and international cooperation are vital for the successful implementation of CPEC and the sustainable development of the region. The thesis concludes with recommendations for enhancing maritime security frameworks, fostering diplomatic dialogue among regional stakeholders, and promoting collaborative efforts to mitigate security risks in the North Arabian Sea.