Maritime piracy and its impact on Pakistan's economy: An analysis from an international legal perspective

Abstract

Maritime piracy has emerged as a significant threat to seafarers and the economies of nations dependent on maritime transport. Pakistan along with the international legal community, has received scrutiny, particularly in light of globalisation and trade. This dissertation examines the direct and indirect impact of maritime piracy on Pakistan’s economy and the adequacy of the existing legal regime. Divided into four chapters, the study begins by defining maritime piracy and analysing its historical context in the international community. It then explores the impacts of piracy on Pakistan’s economy, including the economic opportunities, costs, and hindrances to growth. The existing legal framework governing piracy under international law is critically evaluated, focusing on the UNCLOS and the SUA Convention. Additionally, the research examines the existing maritime laws of Pakistan against piracy, particularly, PMSA Act of 1994, ATA 1997 and the Pakistan Maritime Zones Bill 2023. The challenges faced by Pakistan in combating piracy are explored, and legal remedies and mechanisms that the country and international community have employed are provided. The study concludes with recommendations highlighting the need for international cooperation and coordination in combating piracy, calling for stronger legal measures and initiatives on a national, regional and an international level to address the root causes of piracy. It recommends a multi-faceted approach, including legal and socioeconomic measures, to address piracy.