Abstract:
Pakistan is the fifth most populous country and has a diverse topography, which brings both opportunities and challenges, especially in the face of climate change. Regions like Gilgit-Baltistan, including the Hunza District, are particularly at risk from climate-related dangers such as floods, glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs), landslides, and earthquakes. These disasters are the manifestation of the need for community-focused approaches to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction (DRR). This study "Community Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction for Building Resilience: A Case Study of Hunza District of Gilgit–Baltistan" aims to explore and assess community strategies for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in the Hunza District of Gilgit-Baltistan. The research utilizes mixed methods, incorporating qualitative research and participatory action research, to highlight the significance of local community involvement and indigenous knowledge in enhancing resilience to climate change. It employs a SWOT analysis to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with climate change adaptation and resilience in the region. The study identifies that the absence of indigenous knowledge in the disaster management framework significantly hinders efforts to enhance resilience in Hunza, making its integration into climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies essential. Local communities possess valuable knowledge regarding the construction of climate- and disaster-resilient infrastructures, such as houses, roads, and water channels. However, their coping capacities are greatly affected by limited financial resources, climate change, and disasters. The study emphasizes the need to embed disaster risk management (DRM) into governance frameworks, enact necessary legislative measures, enhance organizational and community capacities, and increase investments in mitigation efforts. Despite these needs, significant constraints arise from political, administrative, and resource-related factors, alongside gaps in institutional capacity and community awareness. The study highlights the importance of integrating indigenous knowledge and local practices into existing disaster management frameworks, which can significantly enhance resilience efforts. It advocates for community participation in decision-making and policy formulation, calling for a reassessment of current strategies to improve community resilience and mitigate climate risks. Ultimately, the research emphasizes sustained collaboration among communities and stakeholders, enabling Hunza to pursue sustainable development and strengthen its resilience against future climate-induced challenges.
