Burden of Multi-Drug Resistant, Extensively-Drug Resistant and Pan-Drug Resistant Superbugs Isolated from Various Indoor Microbiological Specimens at Tertiary Care Centers Rawalpindi

Abstract

Objective: To estimate burden of multi drug resistant, extensively drug resistant and pan drug resistant superbugs isolated from various indoor microbiological specimen at tertiary care centers Rawalpindi. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology in Institute of Pathology, from Jul 2017 to Jun 2018. Methodology: A total of 6126 bacteria isolated from various indoor microbiological specimen were included in the study. All specimen were collected aseptically and bacterial cultures were processed as per standard microbiological practices. Bacterial isolates were identified by using VITEK 2 systems-Version 08.01 (bio Merieux, France). Results: Out of 6126 bacteria isolated 76% were multi drug resistant, 44% were extensively drug resistant and 1.2% were pan drug resistant. About 83% and 3.8% and 0% of bacteria isolated from pus/tissue, 67%, 58%, 0.8% of bacteria recovered from urine, 72%, 52% and 4.5% of bacteria isolated from respiratory samples and 83%, 42% and 3.4%bacteria isolated from blood were multidrug resistant, extensively drug resistant and pan drug resistant respectively. Conclusion: The burden of MDR, extensively drug resistant and pan drug resistant among bacteria isolated from various indoor microbiological specimen is disturbingly high and highlights a serious public health problem. Coordinated efforts to implement new policies, renew research efforts and investment into new antimicrobials are needed to manage drug resistant crises.