Abstract:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are the
inflammatory knee diseases that cause excessive production of synovial fluid in the
knee joint which is already present in there and makes up a part of synovial joint. The
excessive production is due to inflammatory changes caused by disease, which can later
lead to formation of the Baker’s Cyst. Pain and swelling are clinical signs. Followed by
thrombophlebitis and gangrene formation if the cyst is left untreated and it bursts inside
the calf muscles region due to lack of proper treatment. Nerve entrapment of
surrounding nerves of knee joint is one leading cause of pain and discomfort which can
cause disability in walking and difficulty in performing daily tasks. The purpose of this
study was to determine the morphological changes and factors affecting Baker’s Cyst in
patients of RA, OA, and PsA. Sixty-six participants were arranged in 2 groups.
Group-A consisted of cases; Group-B consisted of control group (with no Baker’s Cyst).
A case-control observational study was conducted in the radiology ward in public
hospital of Karachi for a period of six months. History and a well-informed consent
from each participant followed by a thorough examination of knee joint was conducted.
A detailed ultrasound examination was performed on all the participants. Data was
assembled on a predefined proforma which was compared with control subjects based
on age of patients, age of disease, for pain measurement WOMAC (Western Ontario
and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) score, osteophytes, calcification, partition in
cyst, length breath and area of the cyst, gender, diseases knee, state of rupture and
presence of rheumatoid arthritis factor. The result was extracted by using SPSS version
23.0. There will be recommendations related to the effects of Baker’s cyst in the
patients of RA, OA, and PsA on knee joint diseases regarding the policy changes that
needed to consider in the revolutionary world of rheumatology.
