Abstract:
Purpose: The objective of this study is to look at how GSCM techniques and operational
performance are related in the pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan.
Methodology: 189 responses have been collected from the SC professionals of the
pharmaceutical firms operating in the Karachi city of Pakistan. The study has used
nonprobability purposive sampling technique and a five-point Likert scale questionnaire has
been developed for data collection. In-person and online survey methods have been followed
for data collection. PLS-SEM has been employed for data analysis using SmartPLS v3.
Findings: GSCM practices have a positively significant effect on technological innovation,
operational performance, social performance, and environmental performance. Moreover,
technological innovation has a positive but statistically insignificant effect on operational
performance while technological innovation has a positively significant effect on social
performance and environmental performance. Furthermore, technological innovation has no
mediation between GSCM practices and operational performance, whereas technological
innovation positively mediates the effect of GSCM practices on social performance and
environmental performance.
Limitations: The study has focused on six dimensions of GSCM practices while some
variables like reverse logistics and green warehousing were not considered. However, no
moderating variable has been evaluated by the study. The study has focused on the SC
professionals of the pharmaceutical firms of Karachi that eventually restricted the
other industries. Sampling design has also some limitations generalizability ofthe findings to
like the study has used purposive sampling technique that is susceptible to research bias, such
selection bias. Therefore, nonprobability sampling has also raised some as sampling bias or
for validating the findings to a larger context. Implications: Managers sometimes undervalue the need of routinely traversing the floor to
assess places that require a lot of effort or may be clogged with traffic. In addition to this
straightforward step, business intelligence tools, metrics analysis, and more formal audits are
helpful for reviewing operations. For employees and management, regular training (and
cross-training) on systems and procedures is essential to operating effective operations.
Managers should establish five essential KPIs as a common basis to maintain workers'
attention on productivity, and then encourage productive behaviors while rewarding top
performers
