Abstract:
Climate change is one of the most important phenomena occurring all over the world. Pakistan is not exempted from these changes as clear signs and symptoms have been observed over recent years like extreme weather conditions, increase in the average temperatures as well as maximum temperatures and changes in intensity, frequency and patterns of precipitation. Over the years, Pakistan has faced a rapidly growing economy and population, resulting in urbanization. The lack of urban planning in various cities has taken a heavy toll on natural resource management resulting in the distortion of the natural balance of the environment. Islamabad is one of the most cosmopolitan cities and is the Federal Capital of the country. The urbanization of Islamabad has increased dramatically since it was developed in the 1960s. The urbanization of Islamabad and its effects on the climate have been studied with the help of temperature and precipitation analysis over the past 30 years. Further, the classification of Landsat MSS satellite images has been carried out to show temporal and spatial changes. Results have shown an increase of urban development by 44% mainly due to the increase in population and economic constraints to accommodate this increasing population. The microclimate of Islamabad has also changed with annual rainfall shifts showing extremes in drought and rainfall.
