Safety and Security of Cargo: An Anthropological Study on the Role of Law Enforcement Agencies in Pakistan

Abstract

Cargo handling involves loading, discharging, and transporting cargo domestically or internationally. Pakistan's cargo sector faces security challenges, requiring human workers for safety, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. Regular maintenance, communication, and regulatory compliance are crucial for seamless movement. Understanding how human variables affect cargo processing at Islamabad International Airport is the goal of this qualitative research study. The study employs a sample of 20 respondents, the most of whom are from law enforcement agencies, to examine the function of law enforcement agencies (LEAs) in the safety and security of cargo handling. The research uses purposive sampling from non-probability sampling grounds with a sample size of 20 respondents. The Incapacitation Theory, which focuses on the obligation of the state to protect citizens from breaking the law and enact punishments to lower crime rates, is used in this study. It has been found that Pakistan's cargo sector faces security challenges, including domestic and international transport. Human workers play a crucial role in cargo handling, ensuring safety, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. Regular maintenance, communication, and regulatory compliance are essential for seamless movement. Airport cargo handling protocols include ASF, ANF, shipment, RCS, and GHA. Ground Handling Agents and Risk Strategy Control collaborate to ensure safety. Further research is needed for land and sea cargo systems.