Identification Of Limestone Unit Based On Fossil Content In Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract

The Khanpur Basin, located in northern Pakistan, has a complex geological history, spanning from the Cretaceous to the Quaternary periods. The basin is composed of several formations, including Kuldana, Lockhart, Samana Suk, Hazara, Murree and Khanpur formations and Chorgali. Each formation has its own lithostratigraphic characteristics and depositional environments, providing valuable insights into the geological history of the region. This thesis presents a detailed investigation into the identification of limestone units based on fossil content in Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of the geological history and stratigraphy of the region, with a specific focus on the biostratigraphic significance of fossils within the limestone units. The research is conducted through a systematic analysis of lithological characteristics, depositional environments, and the identification of various fossil groups including foraminifera, brachiopods, gastropods, bivalves, and corals. The results of the fossil analysis are compared with established biostratigraphic zones and assemblages to determine the age and correlation of the limestone units. The findings of this study have broader implications for geological mapping, resource exploration, and regional geological studies in limestone-rich areas