Abstract:
In this study concentration of pollutant gasses like Sulfur dioxide (SO2),
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Carbon monoxide (CO)
and concentration of particulate matter i.e PM2.5 and PM10 followed by detection of
heavy metal and its quantification were carried out. Sampling was performed with
help of portable ambient air devices. SO2, NO2 and O3 were analysed from Vairo plus
MRU, CO2 was analysed from Telaire 7001, CO was analysed from Smart sensor
AS8700a, PM10 and PM2.5 were analysed from Low volume duel air sampler at six
selected locations including four factories and two residential areas in Hattar
industrial estate, located in the provence of Khyber Pakhtunkhua. At each location
gas samplers were installed for consecutive 3 days to collect data of SO2, NO2, O3,
CO2 and CO for 1 hour a day and consecutive 3 days to collect PM10 and PM2.5 data
for 24 hours from March 2019 to April 2019. Maximum concentrations of SO2, NO2,
CO2 and CO were found at Labour colony 600 quarters which was 82.9 µg/m3, 102.1
µg/m3, 477.6 ppm and 12 mg/m3 respectively and minimum concentration of 41.1
µg/m3, 53.03 µg/m3, 424.6 mg/m3 and 3.1 mg/m3 respectively at Gold wing roof
factory. O3 highest concentration was observed in Labour colony 600 quarters
(53µg/m3) and lowest at Dewan cement factory (21µg/m3). PM10 maximum
concentration was observed at Dewan cement factory (301.889 µg/m3) and minimum
concentration was observed at 400 quarters colony (156.25µg/m3) whereas
concentration of PM2.5 was higher at Dewan cement factory (192.78µg/m3) and
lowest at 400 quarters colony (115.741µg/m3). The results showed that overall
selected gaseous concentration was below the permissible limits but the concentration
of PM10 and PM2.5 was much higher than permissible limits of Pak-NEQS and WHO.
Analysis of heavy metal was carried out at National Agricultural Research Centre
Laboratory by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results showed that
heavy metals in PM10 at all sampling sites were found in order of Zn > Pb > Cr > Ni >
Cu > Cd with the mean concentration of 5.976 µg/m3, 0.8412 µg/m3, 0.2488 µg/m3,
0.1938 µg/m3, 0.1508 µg/m3 and 0.0225 µg/m3 respectively and Zn > Pb > Cr > Cu >
Ni > Cd with the mean concentration of 4.4425 µg/m3, 0.7500 µg/m3, 0.1816 µg/m3,
0.1141 µg/m3, 0.0793 µg/m3 and 0.0195 µg/m3 respectively was found in all samples
of PM2.5. Heavy metals maximum concentration was found at Dewan cement factory
and Labour colony 600 quarters.
