Realization of Electric Vehicle to Hybrid Grid

Abstract

The high prices of fossil fuel and the increasing concern about global warming because of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, Vehicle to grid (V2G) technologies are found suitable to improve fuel economy, reduce emissions and minimize environmental issues. Chargers for electric vehicles (EVs) must guarantee fast charging and as part of smart grid, they must also be able to provide ancillary services to the grid, for that reason permitting bi-directional power flow. Parked Electric Vehicles fulfill urgent electricity requirements. In this research a single bidirectional converter between DC and AC bus has been analyzed and designed which perform function of discharging and charging of electric vehicle battery (EVB), and a battery charger has been proposed which is an isolated DC-DC bidirectional battery charger. A bidirectional converter AC to DC bus with three parallel isolated DC-DC converters has been operated. The batteries operated in parallel which resulted in overcoming the problem of conventional battery banks and improvement of battery power system management. The batteries operated have an advantage that its discharging is controlled independently and these batteries are coordinated together to deliver full amount of load current. Overcharged or discharge avoided as the charge imbalance has no effect when batteries connected in parallel. According to battery charger requirement, power transfers in both directions (G2V and V2G) and can either charge vehicle battery or give supply to AC grid when it is needed.