Novel protocols for communication between smart grid and advanced meters

Abstract

The demand of electricity has increased due to the use of different household items. The daily consumption of electricity requires to be controlled in order to save electricity which is possible by installing smart meters. The main drawback of the meters used today is that they do not provide information about the consumption of electricity. Common people are unaware of the utility of electricity. Behaviour of people can be changed if they have control on their habits and if they know the consumption pattern of electricity. In this research article smart meters are used to analyse the consumption of electricity with time. To observe the consumption of electricity 13 houses were selected where smart meters were used. Average consumption of electricity during afternoon is very high due to hot weather. Throughput and delay of data are examined while transmission between meter and concentrator. Priority based relying technique is used to observe the communication between meter and concentrator. The data of meter is divided into three categories high priority, medium priority and low priority. High priority data will reach the concentrator in a very competent way through this technique. In our novel protocol, if a smart meter has large distance to the concentrator then it can communicate well. Basically we make the other smart meter as relay so the smart meter which is at the large distance can send its data to the nearby Smart Meter and the data will reach to the concentrator. So by this process, large number of meters will connect to the concentrator without delay and without any loss of packet. Through this technique the packet drop ratio is decreased. Graphs between utilization of energy, cost- price and cumulative cost are plotted. From these graphs we get information about the high cost energy hours. Methods were used to flatten these high energy consumption hours. Consumers can adjust the timings of their consumption of electricity in this way the cost of electricity can be reduced. Through novel protocol the problem of transformer tripping can also be solved.