Abstract:
Recently different routing techniques are proposed for three layer clustering topology
in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), which outperform the basic two layer clustering
hierarchy. The problem remains in these approaches is the heavy control packet
exchange between nodes after every round in order to choose efficient lower layer
heads. Among these techniques; Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering Approach (HHCA) in
which distributed approach is proposed. According to HHCA, the upper layer heads are
centrally selected by base station, while sensor nodes only have to select lower layer
heads distributively. In this work, enhanced three layer hybrid clustering mechanism is
proposed that limits the exchange of control packets between nodes after every round
for lower layer head selection. Energy of nodes are divided into levels upon which it is
decided when nodes of a cluster need to enter into new cluster head selection phase.
The proposed mechanism helps to limit control packet exchange between nodes to large
extent, at the same time keeping energy consumption between nodes balanced.
Moreover, it is focused that higher layer heads are selected by base station in a manner
that reduce backward transmission in the network as much as possible. Simulation
results show that nodes in the proposed mechanism stay alive for longer time as
compared to other approaches, and it outperforms HHCA technique in network lifetime
based on Half of the Nodes Alive (HNA) by 18 percent.
