DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PATCH ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

Abstract

Antenna plays an important function in any wireless communication system. In antenna history, patch antenna is be the simple antennas ever design and widely used for many applications. This work contains three different designs of patch antenna used for different wireless applications in GPS, WLAN, 5G, and satellite communications. Antenna with slots is proposed to provide multiple bands and improve gain. These antennas have a slot of n and T shapes and operate at the GPS band (1.7GHz-1.9GHz), ISM band (2.4GHz-2.5GHz), WLAN (, WiMAX (also used for 5G) and C-bands. Besides, the small size of the antenna enables it to be applied on IoT devices and work in a hybrid configuration with Nb-IoT for short- and long-range communication. We present a novel physical framework for IoT devices to use Wi-Fi, INGENU in place of NB-IoT for stable communication. The patch antenna with reconfigurability characteristics is also designed to get compactness. The antenna provides reconfigurability between the ISM band (2.4GHz) and frequency band for 5G-sub 6GHz (3.3GHz-3.8GHz). MIMO antenna with circular shaped patches are designed and presented in this work, the antenna has ground of 10×10 (mm), where multiple slots are introduced. The front side has four circular patches which make the design four element MIMO. The four-element MIMO antenna operates at 26GHz-28GHz, the bandwidth of 3.5GHz is achieved with a gain of approx. 6.5dBi. This antenna is prefer for mm-wave applications for 5G, especially in dongle applications. The designed antenna in this work have low cost, simple and efficient due to which these antennas can be used for modern IoT applications, as well as in future generation applications or 5G handheld devices.