GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES OF BADIN BLOCK, LOWER INDUS BASIN, PAKISTAN

Abstract

The Lower Indus Basin is one of the best case studies of extensional tectonic regime of Pakistan with respect to the structural and sedimentary architecture. The Sembar Formation is source in the study area. The producing reservoir in Badin block is Lower Goru Formation. Upper Goru Formation is cap rock in the study area. The Lower Goru Formation in particular is important for seismic and well log interpretation and cover most of the basin. Badin block is one of the important block in Lower Indus Basin because of number of discoveries associated with this block. Four main reflectors (Khadro, Upper Goru, Lower Goru and Sembar formations) had been interpreted using 2D seismic reflection data in order to investigate in detail the normal fault system with horst and graben architecture. Therefore, extensional normal fault system is considered a key control on the geological structures and sedimentary architecture of the Lower Indus Basin as presently seen. Seismic attributes were applied on 2D seismic line GPK-92-1686 for character identification of Sembar Formation. Petrophysics and rock physics studies are carried out for Sember Formation for source rock characteristics analysis. Total organic carbon analysis also showed the Sembar Formation source rock potential characteristics for shale gas. The crustal deformation phenomenon of subsidence was observed through the application of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technique. It demarcated the continual of subsidence in 4mm/yr with over pumping of hydrocarbons in the area of study.