Abstract:
Understanding of the subsurface geology is the most important prerequisite for the exploration of natural resource like metallic minerals and hydrocarbons. Ever increasing demand of these resource and energy supplies needed an efficient and sophisticated tool for exploration. The challenge was addressed by the Geophysical concepts such as seismic, gravity and magnetic techniques. The seismic exploration technique is the most efficient one which commenced in 1960 resolving for simple stratigraphic layers and structure and now in the recent years has developed enough to resolve issues like complex structural styles, reservoir characterization and fluid dynamics. Seismic is the basic data set which helped developing sequence stratigraphy which is a predictive tool to locate potential locations for better reservoir rocks and sealing potential.
This thesis represents the Stratigraphic evaluation of Miano area of the Middle Indus Basin, Pakistan including the mapping of various Jurassic to Eocene horizons and seismic stratigraphic analysis of Sembar to Goru (A-Sands). The study is documented in 9 chapters. Chapter-1 provides brief introduction of the study including study area, objectives, and methodology of this research work. Chapter-2 briefly explains the workflow and methodology adopted during this project. Chapter-3 presents geological and tectonic history of Pakistan and general stratigraphy of the study area. Chapter-4 is about the petroleum geology and petroleum systems in the study area. Chapter-5 briefly describes the seismic data acquisition. Chapter-6 explains the workflow of the seismic interpretation, including seismic data, synthetic seismogram, picking and mapping of horizons, depth conversion and related issues. Chapter-7 highlights the seismic stratigraphy of the Sembar and Goru-A sands and sequence stratigraphic model. Conclusions drawn from the entire study are presented in Chapter-8 while the references are given in Chapter-9.
