DETERMINATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF DRINKING WATER OF H-11 SECTOR OF ISLAMABAD

Abstract

This thesis was carried out in December 2021 to January 2022 to know about the water quality of H-11 sector of Islamabad, Pakistan keeping in view the standards set by WHO. Twenty (20) samples were collected from different educational and government institutes, slums, mosque, graveyard and public place to determine the drinking water quality. Standard protocol was followed to collect the water samples. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were assessed of all samples. Physical parameters including electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, salts and temperature at all locations Headstart school both front and rear side, Beaconhouse International College, FAST, Al-Huda International, National Institute of Fire Technology, Punjab College, Islamabad Science School and College, EMS high school, The Millennium University College, PSO H-11/1, Anti-Narcotics force academy, National Police academy, Slums H-11/2, graveyard, PAEC general hospital, Ibne-Sina Institute of Technology, slums H-11/4, mosque H-11/4 and Bahria University H-11/4 were within the permissible limit except of pH of samples collected from locations at Punjab College, Islamabad Science School and College, EMS high school, The Millennium University College, PSO H-11/1, Anti-Narcotics force academy, National Police academy, Slums H-11/2, graveyard, PAEC general hospital, IbneSina Institute of Technology, slums H-11/4, mosque H-11/4 and Bahria University H-11/4 were not in the permissible limit. While the pH of all other samples collected from Headstart school both front and rear side, Beaconhouse International College, FAST, Al-Huda International, National Institute of Fire Technology were in the permissible limit. Considering chemical parameters carbonates, hardness, calcium, magnesium and alkalinity of all samples at locations Headstart school both front and rear side, Beaconhouse International College, FAST, Al-Huda International, National Institute of Fire Technology, Punjab College, Islamabad Science School and College, EMS high school, The Millennium University College, PSO H-11/1, Anti-Narcotics force academy, National Police academy, Slums H-11/2, graveyard, PAEC general hospital, IbneSina Institute of Technology, slums H-11/4, mosque H-11/4 and Bahria University H-11/4 were within the permissible limit except of chloride collected from Headstart school (front side), Beaconhouse International College, EMS high school and Anti-Narcotics force academy and sodium from, EMS high school and Anti-Narcotics force academy respectively. No E.coli and coliform bacteria was detected in any sample. Only 1 sample taken from National Institute of Fire technology shows the growth of salmonella and shigella. All other samples were free of salmonella and shigella. Total bacteria in water samples from slums in H-11/4, H-11/2, Anti-Narcotics force academy, PSO petrol pump in H-11/1, Islamabad science school and college, National institute of fire technology, FAST and Beaconhouse international college were greater than permissible limit. All other samples have total bacteria within limit. Water samples from Al-Huda international and Headstart school sample from rear side are completely safe. All parameters including physical, chemical and biological of these areas are within the limit.