Role of Multicultural Experiences and Team Occupational Diversity in Organizational Performance: The Moderating Mediating Analysis of Downward Deference and Leadership Effectiveness.

Abstract

In order to survive and succeed organizations have to perform well. The performance of the organizations can be improved by having diverse workforce, implementing better strategies and adapting change etc. The performance can be measured on the basis of profits earned, growth in the sales or expansion in the business etc. This study explored the impact of multicultural experiences and team occupational diversity on performance of telecom industry of Pakistan and the moderating-mediating role of downward deference and leadership effectiveness on these relations. The target population was managers of all levels in Ufone, Zong Ptcl and PTA. The data was collected through snowball sampling technique from a sample of 130 managers through online questionnaire which was adapted. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to test eight hypotheses developed on the basis of the conceptual model. It was found in the study that multicultural experiences and team occupational diversity were positively correlated with organizational performance. The findings of the study showed that five hypotheses were supported whereas three were rejected. The study confirmed that leadership effectiveness had a mediating impact on the relations between IVs and DV where as the moderating impact of downward deference on them did not exist. The study had limitations so it has provided directions for future research. The study will benefit organizations in improving their performance. The findings of the study will also pave way for researchers in further exploring organizational performance.