Abstract:
A condition of armed conflict between different states or dissimilar factions residing in the same country is called war. From the day first the wars and conflicts exist in human society. Clash of interest is the cause of conflict or war. It is impossible for countries to exist in seclusion; hence, they are mutually dependent, they have to interact with each other. While interacting the powerful countries exploit the weaker ones. With the passage of time the world is evolving technologically and same is the case with the warfare because with the evolution of technology, war fighting has also been transformed. In this regard the war fighting tactics and approaches have been transformed from simple to complex, from small to large scale wars. Contemporarily, in the 21st century, conflicts are not initiated or conducted in a conventional manner; rather, the battles are initiated by covert agents using armed, unarmed, media, virtual instruments, internet actions, NGOs, NSAs, spying forces, financial mechanism, disinformation, uncertainty, intimidation, and insurrection or rebellious campaigns. The 21st century war is also termed as modern war, where the difference between peace-war and fighters-citizens is unclear. This study was undertaken to highlight the changing nature of warfare and its challenging dynamics for Pakistan. It focused on analyzing the challenges faced by Pakistan by the current war scenario and also prescribes the remedial measures that Pakistan should follow to protect itself against any advanced form of warfare. Qualitative method of research is used to collect data and conduct research. For theoretical framework “Neo-liberalism, Offensive Realism, Defensive Realism, Theory of Deterrence, Mind Control Science Theory and the Theory of the Continuum Conflict” are used. Findings after the complete research demonstrates that warfare is evolving and is becoming more dangerous with the passage of time and it is not only confined to direct military confrontation only, but now it is war of perceptions that misleads and distorts the minds of people. It is necessary for Pakistan to understand the changing war trends and take precautionary measures as well as improve its war capabilities to protect itself from any war situation.
