Abstract:
The advanced era needs continues supply of electricity. Since the depletion of fossil
fuels could not fulfill the increased demands, hence Integration of Renewable Energy
sources with the Distribution Network can provide sustainable and continuous supply
of electricity. Depending on the scale there are various issues in integration that is
needed to be resolved. Both technical and non-technical aspects of integration
serious concerns that leads to voltage instability in distribution network, fluctuation
in the frequency of the system, protection of the system from faults.
In Sindh region of Pakistan, currently RE is integrated to only two areas that is
Gharo and Jhimpir. Although there is potential of DG penetration to sindh region
yet no such power plant is established. Many researches are done in this area but
most of them are analyzing economical and regional benefits. This thesis comprises of
selecting optimal DG placement and it’s size required for penetration at that selected
region represented as buses. Load flow at the buses analyzed the voltage instability
and it’s mitigation with and without hourly loading conditions also with respect to the
valuation in season for optimal improvement in certain challenges.
Sensitivity analysis is done to calculate the voltage deviation at different loading
factors to find out the appropriate place for interconnecting DG to the network. Size
of the DG is also a main factor to maximize the system voltage. DG’s are placed at
selected location of different size and their voltage improvement is analyzed. The size
of the DG that gave maximum output voltage are chosen for integration.
The network condition is analyzed with and without load by simulating it in Power
factory tool. Open circuit network is simulate in the first step to analyze the losses
of the present network. Some of the buses that are away from the grid showed power
losses. From observation it was analyzed that voltages are improved after integrating
DG units but some buses are also showing over voltage condition violating 70 % voltage
limit considering it not suitable for connection point.
The proposed method is validated by implementing it on CIGRE Task force and
IEEE-33 bus system. Both network validates the method by selecting suitable site and
size decreasing the network losses and improving bus voltages
