Abstract:
In this technologically fast and advance world many inventions are made on daily basis. One such practically appreciable innovation in copters design is the quad rotor/copter. Although the idea was as ancient as the other designs but it was recently recognized as another really useful innovation in the area of aeronautics and aero designs. The capability of the quad copter to take-off vertically and hovering stably makes it a perfect design for aerial photography or surveillance missions, not only that it can be used for many other monitory jobs where the role of an on-board pilot can be neglected. These jobs may include flood monitoring, crops field monitoring to name a few. All the monitoring is done by mounting a wireless live video streaming camera on the frame. The camera transmits the video directly to a ground station .The camera is selected to be of less weight. A quad copter is a design with 4 rotors on the immediate ends (arms) of the frame. These four rotors are completely responsible for any movement of the quad copter. These movements include the basic yaw, pitch and roll movement. The quad copter has only one complexity and it is the controlling of all the movements. This complexity is due to the absence of angular movements present in the frame unlike the case of planes or helicopters. The major aim of our project is to design a quad copter in optimum resources which is most stable in all the 3-axis. This design is to be remote controlled with all the rotors independently controlled to test all the possible movements. The basic idea behind the movements is the variable rpm of the motors. From takeoff to different movements, all are done by changing the rpm of the motors in a manner so that the frame moves in the desired direction. Maintaining the stability during these movements is a very difficult task for a pilot. The quad copter is to be completely balanced in the first place. The step that is taken for the stability is the installation of sensors that work for the stable leveling of the frame once in the air. These sensors are commonly known as gyroscopes. A quad copter requires all 3-axis to be dealt with gyro. It can be done by using a 3-axis gyro that gives feedback accordingly. To get a perfect quad copter fly in the skies there is a lot more to be done. The designing ideas and stability matters are still open to the researchers.
