Abstract:
The ever-increasing importance of targeted therapy in the
management of cancerous and non-neoplastic diseases calls
for novel, advanced techniques of diagnostic pathology. The
past decade has witnessed substantial changes in how cancer
patients are managed, with a pronounced focus on precision
medicine based on genomic profiles and gene expression
analysis, thus discarding the “one-size-fits-all” approach1.
Understanding tumor development and acquiring information
regarding the genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and
epigenetics of pathological lesions, especially cancers, is
central to precision medicine2. Several state-of-the-art
techniques, especially those directed towards the molecular
characterisation of diseases, have been developed to meet
these challenges. Completing the Human Genome Project
and the advent of pharmacogenomics, disease management
has changed drastically, especially that of cancers. Oncology
is now considered to be the first choice for targeted
therapeutics. In cancer therapeutics, precision medicine aims
to develop tailored therapies for patients according to the
molecular pattern of the tumor.3,
