CONCEPTUALIZING AND MEASURING EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT, AND EXAMINING THE ANTECEDENTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PERSONALITY ATTRIBUTES

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify how the banking sector in Pakistan especially in Karachi enhances the role of employee engagement through two antecedents that leadership style and personality attributes.it also helps to enhance and promotes proactive behavior that leads towards the organizational commitment, job satisfaction and decreased rate ofturnover and off course maximize the degree of employee engagement. This is the descriptive and explanatory type of research. A deductive approach is used as our objective is to examine the already established concept. It is conducted the basis of quantitative data and considered to be the most appropriate and effective one. It represents the causal relationship between independent and dependent variable or the impact of independent variables over the dependent variable, a well-developed questionnaire is used to acquire information.5-point Likert scale utilize to collect data from the respondents that are ranging from strongly disagree(l) to strongly agree(5). The survey methodology is used to conduct this research that is feasible and cost saving as well. A simple linear regression was calculated in order to determine employee engagement based on leadership styles and personality attributes. A significant and positive relationship identified among the variables that indicates there is a significant relationship with employee engagement and leadership styles(transformational and contingent reward) and it has also positive relationship with personality attributes (extroversion and conscientiousness) However, this study is only related to banks. Only those banks are selected who are operating in Karachi.it has no comparison with the banks operating in overall Pakistan. Due to conducting in a single city (Karachi) the validity and the reliability of the newly developed employee engagement scale might need to be reported and retested. It may limit the generalizability ofthe results because the target population and sample size used in this study is small to examine the association between employee engagement and the two antecedents. Only two antecedents are selected: leadership style and personality attributes to identify the level of employee engagement in banking sector. In this research, two antecedents are used in relation to employee engagement. After getting the results on the basis of collected data it has been recommended to the top management of banking sector that is to select and hire those people who have transformational competencies and skills. They must also include the personality test that fosters the attributes of conscientiousness and extroversion.