http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11762 Sat, 14 Nov 2026 11:03:16 GMT 2026-11-14T11:03:16Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21836 Exploring Pathways to Modernize and Optimize Procurement Systems in Pakistani Public Institutions Sarmad Ali, 01-322242-017; Waqas Saleem, 01-322242-024 This project investigates the structural inefficiencies, transparency deficits, and corruption vulnerabilities embedded in Pakistan’s public procurement system, which is governed federally and provincially by the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA). Drawing on a multi-phase quantitative research methodology, the study administered a standardised Likert-scale questionnaire to 80 valid respondents across procurement, finance, IT, regulatory, and supplier categories. SPSS v.26 descriptive analysis was applied across five study dimensions: procurement efficiency, digital usage, transparency and accountability, user satisfaction, and organisational readiness. Composite mean scores across all five dimensions fell significantly below the reform benchmark of 4.0, indicating critical systemic failure. Qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended responses identified six practitioner-level barriers: senior official resistance, inadequate ICT infrastructure, skills gaps, legal misalignment of PPRA rules, corruption-driven opacity, and SME exclusion. The proposed digital procurement model was benchmarked against the OECD Digital Procurement Lifecycle framework and three established Asian e-procurement platforms (Bangladesh e-GP, India GeM, and South Korea KONEPS), confirming technical feasibility and regulatory compatibility. A phased five-year action plan with governance, technology, and capacity-building components is proposed. The findings contribute an evidence-based, context-sensitive reform roadmap applicable to public sector procurement modernisation in South Asia and comparable developing economy contexts. Supervised by Dr. Sabir Ali Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21836 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21835 Evaluating Quality and Safety Management in Gas Handling (SNGPL) Taimoor Arshad, 01-321251-053; M. Hunzala Zahoor, 01-221251-005 This project will evaluate the quality and safety management system at Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL) the biggest natural gas transmission and distribution (T&D) company in Pakistan. The main issue that has been tackled is the consistently high Unaccounted-for Gas (UFG), which results in the loss of revenue, disruption in service delivery, customer grievances and addition to the circular debt. The research project attributes technical (old pipelines, pipe corrosion, pipe pressure, delayed maintenance) and non-technical (theft, meter tampering, enforcement laxity, governance gaps) reasons. The project is based on the model of an integrated operational improvement process through root cause analysis, stakeholder mapping, SWOT, and PESTLE frameworks, with the aim of implementing four pillars of technical loss reduction, digital modernization (smart metering, SCADA, leak detection sensors), governance and workforce reform, and environmental sustainability alignment. The proposed approach is the gradual implementation of the roadmap, with the baseline assessment, testing in high-UFZ zones, and continuous monitoring of performance. The quantitative targets include a reduction of 0.30-0.50 percentage points in UFG in three years which translates into estimated savings of PKR 2.843 billion. At last we would like to thanks our supervisor Sir Sabir Ali for their invaluable guidance and unprecedented support throughout this project. Supervised by Mr. Sabir Ali Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21835 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21833 Implementation of AI-Based Operations in Third Party Logistics: A Study of Organizational Readiness and Operational Efficiency at Trade Expeditors Pakistan (TEP) Usama Mehmood, 01-321231-052 The rapid advancement of digital technologies has significantly transformed the logistics and supply chain industry. Among these technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool for improving operational efficiency, enhancing decision-making, and reducing costs. This study examines the potential implementation of AI-based operations in third-party logistics, with a focus on Trade Expeditors Pakistan (TEP). The primary objective of this research is to assess the organizational readiness of TEP for AI adoption and to evaluate its impact on operational efficiency. A quantitative research approach was used, and data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed among employees of the organization. The survey focused on key areas such as AI awareness, operational efficiency, readiness for technological adoption, perceived benefits, and implementation challenges. The findings of the study indicate that while employees demonstrate a moderate level of awareness and willingness to adopt AI technologies, there are gaps in technical skills, infrastructure, and data integration capabilities. The organization shows moderate readiness for AI implementation, with strong potential for improvement through strategic planning and investment in technology. Based on the analysis, an AI-based operational framework is proposed to enhance logistics performance, particularly in transportation planning, shipment tracking, and decision-making processes. The study concludes that the adoption of AI can significantly improve operational efficiency and provide a competitive advantage to TEP in the logistics industry. Supervised by Ms. Izza Shehzad Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21833 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21834 Exploring the Barriers of Sustainable Supply Chain Adoption with in Procurement Department in Pakistani Organization: Case Study of SNGPL Syed Hussain Zaman Hamdani, 01-321251-049 Purpose – This research study aims to identify the most substantial barriers to implementing sustainability in SNGPL. Design/methodology/approach – The Technique used in project for identifying barriers is purposive sampling and 8 interview to select participants based on their knowledge and experience for deeper insights rather than statistical representations. The barriers were determined based on the interview of managers and employees who participated as respondents Findings – This study has identified 9 categories of barriers, encompassing 32 sub-barriers. Among these obstacles, the sub-barrier of a lack of middle- and lower-level managers and employee resistance has emerged as the top-priority barrier requiring immediate attention and resolution. meanwhile technology and strategic management have a relatively weaker impact on sustainability implementation Practical implications – These findings provide valuable guidelines for top managers in this sector to consider as they systematically address sustainability implementation problems to improve performance and competitive advantage. The study offers theoretical and managerial implication for production and operation process. Resolving the driving barriers may help organizations for integration of sustainability in the organization supply chain Supervised by Mr. Muhammad Anwar Khan Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21834 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z