http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10322 2026-08-06T13:04:09Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21544 Seismic Waveform Data Analysis of Seismic Network Stations of Islamabad, Peshawar and Lahore, Pakistan Muhammad Umar, 01-166222-020; Umer Asif, 01-166212-023 Pakistan is one of the most seismically dynamic nations on the planet. It is surrounded by several active fault zones due to which earthquakes are a frequent activity in Pakistan. Pakistan Meteorological Department Seismology Division is responsible for keeping a record of these events. The primary goal of this research project is to trace these events and separate them from the noise. After that separation, different calculations will be applied to check the quality of seismic data obtained from three different stations of Islamabad, Lahore, and Peshawar Supervised by Dr. Adil Naseer 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21545 2d Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Miano Gas Field, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan Muhaiman Gul, 01-166222-010; Yameena Eman, 01-166222-018 The thesis used 2D seismic interpretation to observe and comprehend the subsurface geology of the Miano region, and petrophysical formulas were used to estimate the hydrocarbon saturation. The studied region is impacted by extensional tectonics, which results in normal faults that are visible in interpreted seismic sections. Because of the trend of these faults, the area contains graben and horst structures that aid in the accumulation of hydrocarbons. The Upper Goru serves as a seal, completing the petroleum system, whereas the Lower Goru is the reservoir formation and the Sembar Formation is the main source rock in the research region. This thesis created time and depth contour maps of the Lower Goru and Ranikot formations after marking three horizons on a seismic section known as Lower Goru of the Cretaceous age, Sui Main Limestone of the Eocene age. The Lower Goru Formation was subjected to petrophysical study, and four hydrocarbon-bearing zones were found based on the log curve. Average shale volume, hydrocarbon saturation, and effective porosity values were computed for these zones Supervised by Dr Urooj Shakir 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21546 Assessment of Noise Pollution in Selected Areas of Islamabad Fatima Nawaz Abbasi, 01-167222-020; Laiba Khan, 01-167222-005 Noise pollution is becoming one of the most important and notable environmental issues in growing urban areas where it is impacting the human population's health, well-being and quality of life. The present study was aimed to evaluate the noise pollution in certain areas of the city Islamabad, Pakistan and to check whether they meet the recommended environmental limits. Noise monitoring was carried out at various locations which includes I-9/1, I-9/2, I-9/3, I-9/4, I-10/1, I-10/2, I-10/3, I- 10/4, G-9/1, G-9/2, G-9/3, G-9/4, G-13/1, G-13/2, G-13/3, G-13/4, Kashmir Highway, I.J.P. Road, Faizabad Bus Stop, and G-9 Bus Stop. Using a calibrated sound level meter, sound level measurements were recorded at various times of the day to capture the differences in sound level between residential, commercial, transportation and industrial areas. The results showed that there were significant variations in noise levels when comparing the selected sites. Heavy traffic and public transportation, frequent vehicle congestion and commercial activities are the major reasons of maximum noise levels at Faizabad Bus Stop, I.J.P. Road, and Kashmir Highway. Some moderate to high noise was heard in the industrial areas of I-9 and I-10, and relatively low noise was heard in the residential areas of G-9 and G-13. In some residential areas, however, the noise exceeded the guideline values of 55 dB recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for residential areas. In regard of noise pollution in transportation corridors and commercial areas, very high levels were recorded, well in excess of the permissible limits, suggesting that there is a serious environmental problem with noise pollution in these areas. Supervised by Dr. Said Akbar Khan 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/21548 Removal of Pharmaceutical Compounds Mefenamic Acid and Naproxen from Aqueous Media by Using Granular Activated Carbon (Gac) in a Fixed Bed Column System Sabahat Baseer Abbasi, 01-167222-010; Fatima Shehreen, 01-167222-004 Pharmaceutical compounds including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as mefenamic acid and naproxen are increasingly detected in water bodies globally, raising serious concerns about their ecological and public health impacts. Conventional wastewater treatment systems are largely ineffective at removing these micropollutants from water sources. This study designed and evaluated a simple gravity-driven granular activated carbon fixed-bed adsorption column for the removal of mefenamic acid and naproxen from synthetic aqueous solutions. The column was constructed from a plastic syringe packed with layers of cotton, gravel, silica sand, and GAC with dimensions of 1 cm gravel, 4 cm sand, and 4 cm GAC respectively. Stock solutions of 1000 mg/L were prepared from pharmaceutical tablets and diluted to working concentrations of 5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, and 50 mg/L. The effects of initial concentration, solution pH (acidic and basic conditions), contact time, and water matrix type (distilled and tap water) on removal efficiency were systematically investigated. All samples were analyzed by UV-Visible spectrophotometry at 270 nm. The column achieved a maximum removal efficiency of 97.1% for mefenamic acid at 50 mg/L in distilled water. Removal efficiency increased with higher initial concentration and longer contact time for both pharmaceutical compounds. Mefenamic acid showed preferential removal under acidic conditions while naproxen performed marginally better under basic conditions above its pKa charge state. Tap water experiments showed reduced removal efficiency compared to distilled water due to competitive adsorption by dissolved matrix substances. Mefenamic acid consistently outperformed naproxen under all experimental conditions due to its higher hydrophobicity and stronger affinity for the activated carbon surface. The findings contribute to SDG 6 and SDG 3 by demonstrating the technical feasibility of a low-cost, electricityfree approach to pharmaceutical water treatment Supervised by Dr. Asma Jamil 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z